Parameter
| Biomarker | CTCs | Full name | circulating tumor cells | Molecular Type | Cell, nucleic acid |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Molecular Formula | Molecular Weight | Core Functional Dimensions | MRD monitor、clonal evolution tracing | ||
| Disease | Multiple Myeloma (MM) | Disease Subtypes | / | ||
| Organ | Bone marrow, Peripheral blood | Test Sample / Technology Platform | peripheral blood | ||
| Pathobiological Mechanisms | CTCs reflect systemic tumor burden; ctDNA carries tumor mutations, indicating clonal evolution | ||||
| Clinical Availability Status | Research validation | ||||
| Notes and Dynamics | ctDNA enables non-invasive monitoring of clonal evolution and detects drug-resistant mutations earlier than bone marrow biopsy; CTC detection demonstrates superior sensitivity in extramedullary multiple myeloma (MM) compared to bone marrow minimal residual disease (MRD) assessment. | ||||