Parameter
| Biomarker | ESR1 | Full name | Estrogen receptor 1 | Molecular Type | Nucleic acid |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Molecular Formula | / | Molecular Weight | / | Core Functional Dimensions | Prognosis |
| Disease | Breast Cancer | Disease Subtypes | / | ||
| Organ | Breast | Test Sample / Technology Platform | Tumor / circulating DNA (ctDNA) (Next Generation Sequencing) | ||
| Pathobiological Mechanisms | ESR1 gene mutations (such as Y537S, D538G) can cause continuous activation of ER, independent of estrogen, and are an important cause of resistance to endocrine therapy. | ||||
| Clinical Availability Status | Clinical validation / Partial application: The detection of ESR1 mutations using ctDNA has been applied in the treatment decisions for patients with late endocrine resistance. | ||||
| Notes and Dynamics | ESR1 mutation detection is being extended to early-stage patients to explore risk stratification for drug resistance; liquid biopsy (ctDNA) can dynamically monitor the mutation status. | ||||