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Parameter
Biomarker ELOVL7 / SOCS3 / ACSL4 / CLU / PRKAR1A / ABCG1; cg26345888 / DAB1; Flavonifractor plautii; Phytosphingosine; ApoA2 / ACE-2 / IL-33 / FoxP3 Full name / Molecular Type Gene expression / mRNA; DNA methylation / Epigenetic; Gut microbiome; Metabolite; Protein
Molecular Formula / Molecular Weight / Core Functional Dimensions Constitution identification, early warning, metabolic-risk assessment, vascular endothelial function assessment
Disease Phlegm-dampness constitution (PDC) Disease Subtypes /
Organ Intestine; vascular system; gut–liver axis Test Sample / Technology Platform PBMCs (gene-expression microarray, qRT-PCR, pyrosequencing); feces (metagenomic sequencing, qPCR); serum (proteomics, metabolomics, LC-MS/MS); EndoPAT
Pathobiological Mechanisms PDC is associated with abnormalities in metabolic and inflammatory regulation. Differential gene expression and DNA methylation are linked to metabolic susceptibility; reduced F. plautii and phytosphingosine are associated with higher PDC scores and metabolic abnormalities; altered ApoA2, ACE-2, IL-33 and FoxP3 are associated with impaired vascular endothelial function.
Clinical Availability Status Research-stage
Notes and Dynamics Representative biomarkers span transcriptomic, epigenetic, microbiome, metabolomic and proteomic levels. Some changes, particularly reduced F. plautii and phytosphingosine, were observed even in PDC individuals with normal metabolic indices, suggesting potential value for early risk assessment.

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This study was supported by the Scientific Research Innovation Capability Support Project for Young Faculty (SRICSPYF-ZY2025112), the Fundamental and Interdisciplinary Disciplines Breakthrough Plan of the Ministry of Education of China (JYB2025XDXM612)

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